ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: provision of timely healthcare for children under 5 years of age specially children with congenital hypothyroidism and also regular monitoring of growth through measuring weight, height and head circumference have been of great importance. The aim of this study was to make a comparison between healthy children and children with congenital hypothyroidism in regard to health-care coverage in Iran
Materials and Methods: this study was conducted in five provinces in different geographical areas of Iran in 2015. 240 children with congenital hypothyroidism and 240 healthy children were entered into the study. Children with congenital hypothyroidism were selected randomly from the national registere database. The children in the control group were matched with the children with hypothyroidism in regard to age, gender and place of residence. Anthropometric indices including weight, height and head circumference of the children of less than 3 years of age were recorded as the health care indices. STATA software version 13 was used for data analysis
Results: the mean percentage of measurement and record of weight, height and head circumference in children below 3 years of age with congenital hypothyroidism were 82.1, 78.7 and 55.4%, respectively. The mean percentage of measurement and record of weight, height and head circumference in healthy children [control group] below 3 years of age were 82.2%, 80.9 and 55.1%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in relation to the percentage of height measurement [P =0.02]
Conclusion: according to the results of this study, percentage of measurement and record of the anthropometric indices in Iranian children of less than 3 years of age is low. More attention to the measurement and record of these physical growth indices in children of less than 3 years of age specially children with congenital hypothyroidism who need regular follow up, is essential
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the effects of fasting on anthropometric indices and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with type II diabetes. Design: Observational non-interventional study. Place and Duration of Study:: Diabetes clinic, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran during Ramadan 1419 [winter 1998-99]. Patients and Fifty-seven volunteers with type II diabetes underwent anthropometric and biochemical evaluation before and on the 14th and 28th days of Ramadan. Biochemical markers were measured by standard laboratory methods and anthropometric indices by WHO criteria. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA for repeated measurements and Friedman's two-way ANOVA using SPSSv6 software. Daily cholesterol intake increased in all subjects [p<0.03]. Body mass index increased in women [p<0.03], but BMI and waist-hip ratio both decreased in men [p<0.01]. Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and serum fructosamine did not change during the study. Plasma insulin [p<0.05], C-peptide [p<0.01] and insulin resistance [p<0.01] decreased only in men. Total and LDL cholesterol increased significantly in all subjects during the study. Ramadan fasting does not alter carbohydrate metabolism or tissue insulin sensitivity in patients with type II diabetes given appropriate dietary education and rescheduling of oral hypoglycaemic medication. Lipid profile is unfavourably altered due to changes in both diet and biochemical response to starvation